An offender's dangerous propensity demonstrated by psychiatric or psychological evidence (not merely criminal record) is a legitimate factor warranting a heavier sentence within the proportionate range, but the principle of proportionality from Veen (No. 2) prevents a sentence from exceeding the permissible range merely to protect society. Where the proportionate sentence is insufficient to address the risk of reoffending, the court may communicate risk assessments to the parole authority.
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