Rejection of a reasonable settlement offer and maintenance of untenable defences, while open to criticism, do not necessarily meet the threshold for indemnity costs where there remain real issues in the litigation and the defendant has made some (albeit late) offers. A plaintiff who receives a modest allowance for loss of chance has not 'failed' on that issue where the defendant conceded nothing. Failure on exemplary damages does not warrant costs apportionment where the same facts supported a successful aggravated damages claim.
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