The case confirms that a trial judge's discretionary decisions to revoke bail, refuse bail, refuse an adjournment, and refuse to discharge the jury during trial do not establish a miscarriage of justice where there is no nexus between those decisions and the ultimate conviction. Directions on an accused's silence need not follow Azzopardi v The Queen as a routine check-list but must be clear, circumspect, sensible and practical having regard to the just requirements of the particular case. Communications from a judge to a jury about timing during deliberations should be made in open court after consultation with counsel, not conveyed informally through a court officer.
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