The existence of a de facto relationship between a doctor and patient does not displace the presumption of undue influence arising from the doctor-patient relationship; it is relevant to the assessment of the circumstances of gifts but does not remove the need for close investigation. The concept of 'bona fide domestic basis' is not lost by bouts of selfishness or infidelity; its thrust is to exclude sham relationships. A relationship may change and develop over time such that its legal character at one point may not represent its character at another.
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