Judicial intervention to assist self-represented litigants with procedural requirements during interlocutory proceedings, including the use of colloquial language and robust case management, does not of itself give rise to a reasonable apprehension of bias. The fair-minded observer must be taken to understand the full context of the proceedings, including the difficulties inherent in managing cases involving unrepresented parties. The legal profession bears a responsibility to accommodate the difficulties posed by self-represented litigants, including by drafting applications in understandable terms.
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