Bare boat charters of substantial equipment between Australian and Singapore enterprises may create a deemed permanent establishment in Australia under Article 4(3)(b), causing charter fees to be taxed under the business profits article rather than as royalties subject to withholding tax.
The full text is available to signed-in members, including the 12 later cases that cite this judgment.
2 of the 12 citing cases carry a classified treatment. How each court treated it is available to signed-in members.