A duty of care for pure economic loss may be owed to a closely related company in a vertically integrated commercial operation where the defendant had the means of knowledge that such integrated structures were common in the relevant industry. The earlier Queensland authority of Christopher v Fiji Gas is no longer of real assistance following Perre v Apand. The question of whether the class is sufficiently ascertainable and determinate remains fact-dependent, with the 2-1 split in this case illustrating the difficulty of the inquiry.
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