Relationship evidence of prior violence between an accused and complainant remains admissible to show the background of the relationship and to prove relevant states of mind (intention and fear), provided the jury is adequately warned against tendency reasoning. A Longman direction is not required where the accused cannot identify specific forensic disadvantage from delay. A Murray direction need not use any particular formula of words; 'examine carefully' is equivalent to 'scrutinize with great care'. Where a sentencing judge's actual sentence impositions exceed the judge's stated provisional assessment, the sentences may be varied on appeal to conform with the stated intention.
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