It is impermissible to treat the use of a weapon as an aggravating factor under s.21A(2)(c) where the threat to use an offensive weapon is an element of the s.33B(2) offence. Injury sustained by an offender during the commission of an offence from a security guard acting reasonably does not necessarily attract the extra-curial punishment principle, particularly where there is no reliable evidence of ongoing disability. The serious approach to s.33B offences committed against police officers extends to offences against security officers exercising lawful duties.
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