The refusal of an application for security for costs is a matter of practice and procedure, not a determination of substantive rights, and accordingly the 'substantial injustice' threshold applies on applications for leave to appeal. Where the proceeding can still progress to a hearing on the merits, substantial injustice will not ordinarily be established. Delay in bringing a security application, an offer of a personal guarantee by a director, and the straightforward nature of the plaintiff's claim are strong discretionary factors against ordering security.
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