A sentencing judge who uses the standard non-parole period as a starting point and then considers reasons to depart from it engages in the two-stage approach proscribed by Muldrock, even where the offender pleaded guilty. Self-induced intoxication from drugs and alcohol, where the offender knew drug use caused aggression and had previously abstained, is properly regarded as an aggravating rather than mitigating factor, notwithstanding a history of chronic drug use from a young age.
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