Presence at the scene of the crime is sufficient but not necessary to establish participation in a joint criminal enterprise. A person who enters into an agreement to commit a crime and participates in some way in furthering its execution — such as by assisting in planning, identifying targets, or attempting to acquire instrumentalities — is liable under the doctrine even if not present when the agreed crime is actually committed. A broad agreement to steal unidentified property from unidentified locations can found liability for specific offences committed pursuant to that agreement.
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