A [name withheld] direction is adequate when, considered as a whole, it clearly conveys to the jury that it is a binding direction of law and addresses the specific forensic disadvantages suffered by the accused. The occasional use of words such as 'should' and 'may' does not render the direction inadequate where the overall effect is clear and unmistakeable. The direction must be crafted by reference to the facts of the particular case and is not to be reduced to an immutable formula.
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