Where a pre-trial ruling confines the use of tendency evidence to particular charges and particular items of evidence, conducting the trial (including the prosecutor's closing address and the judge's charge) in a manner that extends the use of that evidence beyond the scope of the ruling will constitute a substantial miscarriage of justice. On a retrial following such an error, the tendency and relationship/context evidence issues should be reconsidered afresh without being constrained by the earlier ruling.
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