Under s 8 of the Criminal Code (Qld), 'probable consequence' requires only a real or substantial possibility, not a probability in the sense of more likely than not, following Brennan v R and Johns v R. Murder and manslaughter are separate offences under the Code, and under s 8 a co-accused is deemed to have committed the same offence as the principal offender — accordingly, a co-accused cannot be convicted of manslaughter when the principal is convicted of murder, departing from the majority in R v Jervis. For causation under s 302(2), where two closely connected sequential acts together result in death, the first act (pointing a loaded rifle) may have a sufficiently substantial connection with death to satisfy the causation requirement.
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