Section 21E of the Crimes Act 1914 (Cth) applies only to future co-operation pursuant to an undertaking; past co-operation (including self-incrimination and incrimination of others before sentence) falls under s 16A(2)(h). A s 21E declaration must specify only the reduction attributable to future co-operation, so that an offender does not risk losing credit already earned for past co-operation if the undertaking is not fulfilled. Informer's discounts of one-third or even one-half of the otherwise appropriate sentence are not uncommon, and may exceed 50 per cent depending on the value and risk of the assistance rendered.
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