A medical condition such as ADHD that explains why an offender turned to illicit drugs does not necessarily mitigate punishment; a causal connection must be demonstrated showing the condition inhibited the offender from refraining from the criminal conduct, rather than merely providing a motive or explanation for it. A deliberate choice to self-medicate with illicit drugs rather than seek professional treatment does not establish the required causal link. Considerations of general and particular deterrence continue to operate, 'sensibly moderated', even where a relevant condition is established.
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