The common law duty of procedural fairness applies to the Resource Planning and Development Commission (not councils) in the context of planning scheme amendments under the LUPA Act. Where a radically new and unexpected proposal emerges after a s40 hearing, the Commission must notify affected landowners and afford them an opportunity to respond before making a decision. The term 'set aside for a public purpose' in s66(1)(a) refers to the intended future use of the land, not the planning considerations motivating zoning restrictions; severe restrictions on private rights alone do not constitute setting aside for a public purpose. Changes to a draft amendment that designate all uses except passive recreation as prohibited across a large area of suburban land constitute an alteration to a substantial degree, not a mere modification.
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