A treating doctor's diagnosis of toxic encephalopathy does not establish causation where the doctor lacks toxicological expertise and defers to toxicologists on the critical question of whether a specific chemical caused the illness. The evidentiary onus shifting principle from Betts v Whittingslowe does not compel a finding of causation where the scientific evidence is equivocal and the defendant has not withheld relevant information. MDI (diphenylmethane diisocyanate) was found to be a possible but not probable cause of encephalopathy on the evidence available.
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