When sentencing for multiple offences with partly concurrent and partly cumulative sentences, the sentencing judge must ensure that the utilitarian discount for guilty pleas is reflected in the overall effective sentence, not merely in the individual sentences. The standard minimum non-parole period cannot be used as a starting point or treated as near-automatic; it is one input in a sentencing synthesis that requires positing an abstract mid-range case. Uncharged acts may be used to show offences were not isolated but the offender cannot be punished for uncharged conduct.
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