A representation that an owner 'had done substantial planning on refurbishment to be carried out' is a representation as to a present state of planning (present fact), not a representation as to a 'future matter' within s 51A of the Trade Practices Act 1974 (Cth). The phrase 'to be carried out' in context refers to what has been planned, not what is promised. An appeal court may decline to order a retrial where the trial judge's reasons are inadequate if the appellant's case is shown to be insufficient on the evidence regardless of the credibility finding.
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