An occupier's duty in respect of external lighting is limited to exercising reasonable care, not ensuring that lights are functioning. A plaintiff alleging breach of duty based on lighting failure must adduce evidence as to the cause of the failure, the risk profile of the lighting system, and the precautions a reasonable person would have taken, having regard to the s 5B(2) factors. The mere fact that lights were not operating at the time of an accident does not, of itself, establish breach. Where the cause and timing of a lighting failure are unknown, a plaintiff may also fail to establish causation.
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