When applying the M v The Queen unreasonable verdict test in cases where evidence in chief was given by video recording, the appellate court should proceed on the transcript rather than viewing the video, to maintain an evenly balanced approach. Sentencing judges must assess the objective gravity of each offence individually against the standard non-parole period framework, not make a global finding across all offences. Prior good character is a circumstance of the offender, not the offence, and must not be taken into account in assessing objective seriousness. A sentence so far below the standard non-parole period as to be a fraction of it denotes error even where the offence is below mid-range gravity.
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