An employer's invitation to staff to attend a social event at the employer's premises, after work hours, where attendance is voluntary and not paid, does not constitute sufficient 'inducement or encouragement' to bring an injury sustained at that event within the course of employment under the Hatzimanolis principle. The 'but for' test remains insufficient to establish that an injury 'arose out of' employment; a causal connection between the actual work performed and the injury is required.
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