The rule in Browne v Dunn does not require that dishonesty be specifically put to a witness in cross-examination where the truthfulness of the witness's evidence has been made plain by competing affidavit evidence, opening statements and the general course of cross-examination. The Armory v Delamirie principle of resolving uncertainties in favour of a plaintiff whose loss was caused by the defendant's wrong does not require inferences to be drawn favourably to the plaintiff in all cases involving uncertainty expressible as a range of outcomes.
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