The four to seven year sentencing range for drug trafficking identified in R v Young applies to offenders motivated by profit; a sentencing judge is not constrained to impose a sentence within that range for a first offender whose offending falls at the lower end of objective seriousness and who was storing drugs for another without an established profit motive. The directions on possession required by R v GNN are fact-specific and not required in every case where possession is an issue. The validity of s 9(2) of the Criminal Law (Sentencing) Act 1988 (SA) in light of Wainohu v New South Wales remains an open question.
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