A defendant's gratuitous repetition of defamatory assertions during trial evidence, combined with findings of a campaign of vilification and motive to injure, can establish an overwhelming case for permanent injunctive relief in defamation, even against professional journalists and media organisations. The absence of editorial oversight by a media organisation over its presenter's broadcasts supports the grant of injunctions against the organisation as well as the presenter. The content of reasons required for granting injunctions depends on the circumstances, including the submissions made by the parties, and a trial judge is entitled to confine reasons to the only substantial issue raised.
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