Where an offender suffers from serious mental illness, a sentencing judge must address the reduced role of general deterrence, and error is established where the judge gives general deterrence an elevated role without engaging with that consideration, particularly where both parties submit that general deterrence should be reduced. A victim impact statement in a child sexual assault case does not establish the aggravating factor of substantial harm under s 21A(2)(g) where the harm described does not exceed the harm inherent in the offence itself.
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