A numerically modest differential between co-offenders' sentences is more significant when the sentences themselves are modest or at the lower end of the available range. The totality principle may require moderation of sentence where an offender has served a prior sentence while on remand, the principal purpose being to avoid double punishment, and this has the same effect as ordering a degree of concurrence had all sentences been imposed on the same occasion. Where co-offenders face different charge profiles, parity is properly assessed by reference to total effective sentences rather than cumulation orders on individual charges.
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