Where offences arising from the same incident share common factual elements, the preferred approach to avoiding double punishment is to fix the sentence for each offence having regard only to the facts and circumstances specific to that offence, excluding facts constituting the other offences. A mitigating factor relevant to multiple offences must be taken into account in fixing the individual sentence for each offence, not applied selectively to only one. The total effective sentence of 7 years for a planned kidnapping and armed robbery of 141 firearms from an 81-year-old victim was manifestly inadequate; 9 years was the appropriate total effective sentence.
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