Where police conduct during a controlled delivery operation alters the appearance of evidence in a manner that deprives an accused of the practical ability to raise a statutory defence, the administration of justice will be brought into disrepute and a permanent stay should be granted, regardless of whether the police officer intended to cause that consequence. The distinction in Ridgeway between police conduct that causes an offence and conduct that merely provides an opportunity for offending is inapplicable where the police conduct deprives the accused of a defence rather than causing or facilitating the offence itself.
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