Australian National Registry of Emissions Units Act 2011

If a Court is satisfied that a person has contravened a civil penalty provision, the Court may order the person to pay the Commonwealth a pecuniary penalty.

An order under subsection (1) is to be known as a civil penalty order.

In determining the pecuniary penalty, the Court may have regard to all relevant matters, including:

the nature and extent of the contravention; and

the nature and extent of any loss or damage suffered as a result of the contravention; and

the circumstances in which the contravention took place; and

whether the person has previously been found by a court in proceedings under this Act to have engaged in any similar conduct; and

the extent to which the person has co‑operated with the authorities; and

if the person is a body corporate:

the level of the employees, officers or agents of the body corporate involved in the contravention; and

whether the body corporate exercised due diligence to avoid the contravention; and

whether the body corporate had a corporate culture conducive to compliance.

The pecuniary penalty payable under subsection (1) by a body corporate must not exceed:

in the case of a contravention of subsection 26(1), (2) or (5)—500 penalty units for each contravention; or

otherwise—10,000 penalty units for each contravention.

The pecuniary penalty payable under subsection (1) by a person other than a body corporate must not exceed:

in the case of a contravention of subsection 26(1), (2) or (5)—100 penalty units for each contravention; or

otherwise—2,000 penalty units for each contravention.

A pecuniary penalty is a civil debt payable to the Commonwealth. The Commonwealth may enforce the civil penalty order as if it were an order made in civil proceedings against the person to recover a debt due by the person. The debt arising from the order is taken to be a judgement debt.