Criminal Code Act 1995

force;

duress;

detention;

psychological oppression;

abuse of power;

taking advantage of a person’s vulnerability.

taking any part in the management of the business; and

exercising control or direction over the business; and

providing finance for the business.

the condition arises from a pledge:

by the first person of the personal services of the first person; or

by another person of the personal services of the first person, and the first person is under the other person’s control; or

by the first person of the personal services of another person who is under the first person’s control; and

the pledge is made as security for a debt owed, or claimed to be owed, (including any debt incurred, or claimed to be incurred, after the pledge is given) by the person making the pledge; and

any of the following apply:

the debt owed or claimed to be owed is manifestly excessive;

the reasonable value of those services is not applied toward the liquidation of the debt or purported debt;

the length and nature of those services are not respectively limited and defined.

Deception has a corresponding meaning (see section 18A of the Acts Interpretation Act 1901).

section 270.5 (servitude offences);

section 270.6A (forced labour offences);

section 270.7 (deceptive recruiting for labour or services);

section 270.7B (forced marriage offences);

section 270.7C (debt bondage).

a threat of coercion; or

a threat to cause a person’s deportation or removal from Australia; or

a threat of any other detrimental action, unless there are reasonable grounds for the threat of that action in connection with the provision of labour or services by a person.

Threat includes a threat made by any conduct, whether express or implied and whether conditional or unconditional (see the definition in the Dictionary).