Under Part IV of the Administration and Probate Act 1958 (Vic), grandchildren have no automatic moral claim on a grandparent's estate by virtue of the relationship alone. A pattern of significant generosity by grandparents, including contributions to education, does not convert the relationship into one of obligation. Need must be established to enliven jurisdiction, and education at a fee-paying private school is a privilege, not a need. The three-stage test (responsibility, breach, quantum) applies at each stage by reference to the wise and just testator, and the factors in s 91(4)(e)-(p) are relevant to all three stages.
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