While the preferred Victorian propensity direction uses the phrase 'the kind of person who is likely to have committed the offence', alternative language (such as that approved in R v Beserick) may be adequate depending on the circumstances. A propensity direction must cover both charged and uncharged acts, but the charge is to be read as a whole and a direction given in the context of uncharged acts may be understood to apply to charged acts as well. The obligation to direct the jury on pre-conditions for using similar fact evidence (such as excluding collusion) extends only to issues actually raised at trial.
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