A driver's line of sight to a hazard is measured from the point where the hazard should first have been visible, not from the foreshortened distance to the point of impact. Where a primary judge finds a reasonable speed lower than the posted speed limit based on local conditions (narrow street, restricted visibility, proximity to school, time of day), and that finding is not challenged on appeal, the causation analysis must be conducted at that lower speed. An application to amend a notice of appeal at the hearing to challenge an unchallenged finding will be refused where the respondent foreshadowed reliance on the unchallenged finding in written submissions.
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