Section 21A(2)(l) vulnerability is assessed by reference to the characteristics of the group or class to which the victim belongs, not by reference to situational vulnerability created by the offender's conduct during the offence. Injuries deliberately self-inflicted by an offender, or inflicted at the offender's instigation, during the commission of the offence do not constitute extra-curial punishment. Where an offender sustains injuries during offending, those injuries are relevant to the full term of sentence, not only to the non-parole period and special circumstances.
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