A conviction for manslaughter as an aider and abettor is not irreconcilable with the principal offender's conviction for defensive homicide, because the offence of defensive homicide contains all the essential circumstances of manslaughter by unlawful and dangerous act, and the aider and abettor is convicted according to their own mens rea. The prosecution need not prove that the principal was in fact encouraged or assisted by the aider and abettor's conduct. An aider and abettor's conduct is to be viewed as a whole, including acts and words prior to the commission of the principal offence.
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